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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*de:r-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to collect, gatherface="Times New Roman Star"собиратьface="Times New Roman Star"ter- (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"te:.r- (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"der-face="Times New Roman Star"tir-, tijr- (КСТТ)face="Times New Roman Star"te.r- (Abush., Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"ter-face="Times New Roman Star"ta"r/j-face="Times New Roman Star"ter-face="Times New Roman Star"da"r-, der-face="Times New Roman Star"ti:r-face="Times New Roman Star"tir-, te:r-face="Times New Roman Star"te:r-face="Times New Roman Star"ter-

face="Times New Roman Star"terij-face="Times New Roman Star"terij-face="Times New Roman Star"deri- 'снаряжать'
face="Times New Roman Star"ter-face="Times New Roman Star"ter-face="Times New Roman Star"ter-face="Times New Roman Star"tir-


face="Times New Roman Star"ter-face="Times New Roman Star"te:re- (ССЯ)
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 529, VEWT 475, ЭСТЯ 3, 204-205, Stachowski 221. Turkm. has an irregular devoicing (old Kypchak influence?).
face="Times New Roman Star"*del/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to make holesface="Times New Roman Star"продырявливать
face="Times New Roman Star"tes?- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"des?-face="Times New Roman Star"tis?-face="Times New Roman Star"tes?- (Sangl., Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"tes?-face="Times New Roman Star"ta"s?-
face="Times New Roman Star"des?-
face="Times New Roman Star"tis-
face="Times New Roman Star"tes?-

face="Times New Roman Star"tes-face="Times New Roman Star"tes-face="Times New Roman Star"des?-face="Times New Roman Star"des?-face="Times New Roman Star"tes?-face="Times New Roman Star"tes-face="Times New Roman Star"tes-face="Times New Roman Star"tis?-face="Times New Roman Star"tes?-face="Times New Roman Star"des?-face="Times New Roman Star"tes?-face="Times New Roman Star"tes-
face="Times New Roman Star"tes?-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 476, EDT 559, ЭСТЯ 3, 210-212, TMN 2, 657, Stachowski 221.
face="Times New Roman Star"*tEr/ekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"dungface="Times New Roman Star"навозface="Times New Roman Star"tezek (OUygh. - YB)face="Times New Roman Star"tezek (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"tezekface="Times New Roman Star"tiza"k, kiza"kface="Times New Roman Star"tezek (Sangl., MA)face="Times New Roman Star"tezakface="Times New Roman Star"teza"k
face="Times New Roman Star"ta"za"kface="Times New Roman Star"tezekface="Times New Roman Star"tizekface="Times New Roman Star"tezekface="Times New Roman Star"tezekface="Times New Roman Star"ta"za"kface="Times New Roman Star"? tir@s

face="Times New Roman Star"de's 'clotted blood'face="Times New Roman Star"de's 'clotted blood' (Рас. ФиЛ)face="Times New Roman Star"tezekface="Times New Roman Star"tezekface="Times New Roman Star"tezekface="Times New Roman Star"tid|a"kface="Times New Roman Star"tezgekface="Times New Roman Star"tezekface="Times New Roman Star"tez'akface="Times New Roman Star"tezekface="Times New Roman Star"tesex, to"zex (ССЯ)face="Times New Roman Star"tezekface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 477, TMN 2, 508, EDT 574, Федотов 2, 236. Chuv. > Tat., Bashk. tires.
face="Times New Roman Star"*dy:d-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to hinder, obstructface="Times New Roman Star"препятствовать, задерживатьface="Times New Roman Star"tyd- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tyd|- (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"tyj-face="Times New Roman Star"tyj- (Sangl., Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"tij-


face="Times New Roman Star"dyj-, dy:-g|y 'stop'face="Times New Roman Star"tys-
face="Times New Roman Star"tijin- 'to restrain (oneself)'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ar-face="Times New Roman Star"ty:t- 'touch'face="Times New Roman Star"ty:t- 'touch'

face="Times New Roman Star"tyj-face="Times New Roman Star"tyj-face="Times New Roman Star"tyj-face="Times New Roman Star"tyj-face="Times New Roman Star"tyj-
face="Times New Roman Star"tyj-face="Times New Roman Star"tyj-

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 477, EDT 450, Мудрак Дисс. 36, Федотов 2, 391, Stachowski 239.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tylda-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to allow, refer to 2 reason, excuseface="Times New Roman Star"1 обосновывать, ссылаться 2 причина, поводface="Times New Roman Star"tylda- 1, tyldag| 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tylda- 1 (KB), tyldag| 2 (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"tyldaq 2face="Times New Roman Star"dyldag| 2 (Houts.)























face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 478, EDT 494 (but not derived from *dyl 'tongue'!).
face="Times New Roman Star"*dy:nface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 spirit, breath 2 rest 3 to rest 4 to pant 5 to breathe 6 quiet 7 sultrinessface="Times New Roman Star"1 дыхание, дух 2 отдых 3 отдыхать 4 задыхаться 5 дышать 6 спокойный 7 духотаface="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1 (MK, KB), tyn 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"tin 1, din-le- 3face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1face="Times New Roman Star"tyn- 3 (Pav. C., Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"tin 1, tin- 3face="Times New Roman Star"tin 1, tin- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"tync?-yx- 4, dinc? 2face="Times New Roman Star"dy:nc? 2face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn- 5, tyn-a-n- 3face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn- 5, tyn-a-n- 3face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, 2, tyn- 5face="Times New Roman Star"tinc? 6face="Times New Roman Star"c?@m 1face="Times New Roman Star"ty:n 1, ty:n- 5face="Times New Roman Star"ty:n 1, ty:n- 5face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn- 5face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn- 5face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn- 3, 5face="Times New Roman Star"tyn-ys 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"tyn-ys 1, tyn-s?-yq- 4, tyn-s?-a-j- 3face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn-s-yw 7face="Times New Roman Star"tin 1, tyn-c?-y- 'to rot, addle', tyn-c?-aj- 3, tyn-ym 2face="Times New Roman Star"din-ne-n- 3face="Times New Roman Star"tyn- 5, tync 2face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn-ys? 1, tyn-c?-aj- 3face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 478, EDT 512, ЭСТЯ 3, 341-345, Мудрак Дисс. 38-39, Stachowski 238, 239. Some Oghuz reflexes have voiceless t-, probably because of Kypchak influence; still the reconstruction of *d- seems preferable.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tin|(mi)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 sound 2 to talk 3 to grumbleface="Times New Roman Star"1 звук 2 говорить 3 ворчать
face="Times New Roman Star"[tynma 'do not speak' (MK - Oghuz.)]face="Times New Roman Star"tyn- 2, Osm. tyn-, dyn- 2face="Times New Roman Star"tyn-syz 'wordless'face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) tyn- 2 (Houts.)


face="Times New Roman Star"din- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"t@mel- 3


face="Times New Roman Star"c?@n- 2, c?@m-s@r 'wordless'face="Times New Roman Star"tin|ij- 'to produce loud thumping sounds'
face="Times New Roman Star"din|mi 'rumble, thunder'










face="Times New Roman Star"Мудрак Дисс. 86, EDT 514. Clauson regards the Oghuz verb as a metaphor from tyn- 'breathe', which is hardly the case (although some contaminations with this root, as well as with *Tim- 'silent', were possible).
face="Times New Roman Star"*dyn|la- / *din|le-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to listen 2 to hear 3 to consider, meditateface="Times New Roman Star"1 слушать 2 слышать 3 размышлять, обдумыватьface="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1 (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"dinle- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|ma- 1face="Times New Roman Star"din|le-, tyn|la- 1 (Pav. C.)
face="Times New Roman Star"tin|la- 2face="Times New Roman Star"tynna- 2face="Times New Roman Star"dinla"- 1face="Times New Roman Star"din|le- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|na- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|da- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ъnla- 3

face="Times New Roman Star"dyn|na- 2face="Times New Roman Star"dyn|na- 2face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|s?a- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|da- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"dinle-, tyn|la- 2face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1face="Times New Roman Star"The verbal stem *dyn|la- is derived from the noun *dyn| (OT tyn|, Turkm. din| 'reason, mind, cleverness'). See VEWT 478, EDT 522, ЭСТЯ 3, 236-237.
face="Times New Roman Star"*tyky-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to stuff in, press inface="Times New Roman Star"набивать, вдавливать, втыкатьface="Times New Roman Star"tyq- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tyq- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"tyka-face="Times New Roman Star"tyq-face="Times New Roman Star"tyq- (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"tiq-face="Times New Roman Star"tiq-
face="Times New Roman Star"tyx-face="Times New Roman Star"dyq-face="Times New Roman Star"tyx-face="Times New Roman Star"tyqta-face="Times New Roman Star"tyq-
face="Times New Roman Star"c?yx-

face="Times New Roman Star"dyg|y-face="Times New Roman Star"tyg|y-face="Times New Roman Star"tyq-face="Times New Roman Star"tyq-face="Times New Roman Star"tyq-face="Times New Roman Star"tyq-
face="Times New Roman Star"tyqa-face="Times New Roman Star"tyq-face="Times New Roman Star"tyq-
face="Times New Roman Star"tyq-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 477-478, EDT 465, ЭСТЯ 3, 337-340, Мудрак 75. The Turkm. form with a voiced d- is quite irregular and probably reflects a merger with *dik- `to insert, plant vertically'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*dyrn|a-kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"finger-nail, clawface="Times New Roman Star"ноготь, коготьface="Times New Roman Star"tyrn|aq (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tyrn|aq (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"tyrnakface="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaqface="Times New Roman Star"tyrn|aq/tyrn|ag| (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"tirno|qface="Times New Roman Star"tirnaqface="Times New Roman Star"d@rmaqface="Times New Roman Star"dyrnaGface="Times New Roman Star"dyrnaqface="Times New Roman Star"tyrg|axface="Times New Roman Star"tyrg|aqface="Times New Roman Star"tyrGaqface="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaqface="Times New Roman Star"c?@rneface="Times New Roman Star"tyn|yraxface="Times New Roman Star"tyn|yrakface="Times New Roman Star"dyrg|aqface="Times New Roman Star"dyrg|aq 'comb'face="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaqface="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaqface="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaqface="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaqface="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaqface="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaqface="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaxface="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaqface="Times New Roman Star"z|yrna(:)x|face="Times New Roman Star"tyrnaqface="Times New Roman Star"Derived from PT *dyrn|a- 'to scratch, scrape'. See VEWT 465, 479, TMN 3, 200 (there are no reasons to postulate different roots here: we have obviously a case of a complicated behaviour of the medial -n|-); EDT 551, 549-50, ЭСТЯ III 345-349, Егоров 324, Дыбо 312, 323-325, Лексика 258, Stachowski 238.
face="Times New Roman Star"*dal/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"outer sideface="Times New Roman Star"наружный, снаружиface="Times New Roman Star"tas? (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tas? (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"dys?face="Times New Roman Star"tys?face="Times New Roman Star"tas? (Abush., Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"to|s?face="Times New Roman Star"tas?face="Times New Roman Star"tasface="Times New Roman Star"dys?aryface="Times New Roman Star"das?face="Times New Roman Star"tasface="Times New Roman Star"tas?ty 'exterior side'face="Times New Roman Star"tys?face="Times New Roman Star"tas?face="Times New Roman Star"tolface="Times New Roman Star"tasface="Times New Roman Star"tasface="Times New Roman Star"tys?
face="Times New Roman Star"tys?face="Times New Roman Star"tysface="Times New Roman Star"tysface="Times New Roman Star"tys?face="Times New Roman Star"tys?face="Times New Roman Star"dys?arface="Times New Roman Star"tys?face="Times New Roman Star"tysface="Times New Roman Star"das?y (Kakuk)face="Times New Roman Star"tys?face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 466, EDT 556-557, TMN 2, 511, ЭСТЯ 3, 164-167, Ашм. XIV, 115, Федотов 2, 243-244, Stachowski 218. -y- in some languages is not quite clear.
face="Times New Roman Star"*dul/a-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to hobble 2 hobbleface="Times New Roman Star"1 стреножить 2 путы
face="Times New Roman Star"tus? 'a belt buckle' (MK, KB), tus?a- 1 (KB), tus?aq 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"dus?a- (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"tys?aw 2face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) tus?a- 1, tus?aq 2 (AH)face="Times New Roman Star"tus?o|w 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?us?a"- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"dus?aq 2face="Times New Roman Star"tuza- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tuz?a- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tuz?a- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tъw|lъw| 2face="Times New Roman Star"tyhyta 'clothing buckle' (?)
face="Times New Roman Star"du`z?a- 1face="Times New Roman Star"dus?a- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tus?a- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tusa- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tysaw 2face="Times New Roman Star"tys?a- 1


face="Times New Roman Star"tusa- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 3, 306, EDT 558 (OT tus? 'buckle'), 561, 562. Turk. > MMong. tus?ag|a, WMong. tus?a-, tusi- 'hobble', see Clark 1980, 42, Щербак 1997, 159, whence Evk. tusa: etc., see Doerfer MT 131, Аникин 190.
face="Times New Roman Star"*dyr/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to run away 2 to strive 3 to flounce, squib 4 to dash, race 5 tumble-weedface="Times New Roman Star"1 убегать 2 стремиться, рваться 3 суетиться, метаться 4 мчаться 5 перекати-поле


face="Times New Roman Star"tyz-byz kil- 3



face="Times New Roman Star"dyzyx- 1face="Times New Roman Star"dyza- 2








face="Times New Roman Star"tyz qoj- 4face="Times New Roman Star"tyzylda- 4face="Times New Roman Star"tyzban 5face="Times New Roman Star"tyzdap kit- 1


face="Times New Roman Star"tyzylda- 4


face="Times New Roman Star"*Togface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"a k. of fishface="Times New Roman Star"вид рыбы


face="Times New Roman Star"tog|y 'sturgeon' (КСТТ)






face="Times New Roman Star"tog| 'perch'face="Times New Roman Star"tu:ly 'кускуч'
















face="Times New Roman Star"*duj-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to perceive (by ears or nose), noticeface="Times New Roman Star"слышать, чуять, замечатьface="Times New Roman Star"tuj- (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tuj- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"duj-face="Times New Roman Star"toj-face="Times New Roman Star"tuj- (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"tuj-face="Times New Roman Star"tuj-face="Times New Roman Star"tuj-face="Times New Roman Star"duj-face="Times New Roman Star"duj-



face="Times New Roman Star"tuj-, refl. tojъn-



face="Times New Roman Star"tuj-
face="Times New Roman Star"tuj-face="Times New Roman Star"toj-
face="Times New Roman Star"duj-face="Times New Roman Star"duj-, tuj-face="Times New Roman Star"tuj-

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 497, EDT 567, ЭСТЯ 3, 290-291, Ашм. XIV, 92-94, Федотов 2, 241. Chuv. may be < Tatar.
face="Times New Roman Star"*tubn/a-kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"hoofface="Times New Roman Star"копыто
face="Times New Roman Star"tujag| (MK), tujnaq (IM)face="Times New Roman Star"dujnakface="Times New Roman Star"tojaqface="Times New Roman Star"tuwaq (Sangl., Abush.), (MKypch.) tujaq (AH)face="Times New Roman Star"tujo|qface="Times New Roman Star"tuwaqface="Times New Roman Star"tujag|, tyjyg|
face="Times New Roman Star"tojnaqface="Times New Roman Star"tujg|axface="Times New Roman Star"tujg|aqface="Times New Roman Star"tujg|aq

face="Times New Roman Star"tujaxface="Times New Roman Star"tun/akface="Times New Roman Star"dujug|face="Times New Roman Star"dujug| (Рас. ФиЛ), tujug|face="Times New Roman Star"tujaqface="Times New Roman Star"tujaqface="Times New Roman Star"tujaqface="Times New Roman Star"tojaqface="Times New Roman Star"tujaq
face="Times New Roman Star"tujaqface="Times New Roman Star"tujaq, dojnaq (< Turkm.)face="Times New Roman Star"c'ynag| (ССЯ)face="Times New Roman Star"tujaqface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 499-500, EDT 519, Лексика 147, Stachowski 230. Chag., Uygh. tuwaq point to a labial *-b- in the stem, while Yak. -j- and -j- in other languages - to *-n/-: these reflexes can only be reconciled if we accept a cluster like *-bn/- in the protoform (perhaps a contraction < *tupi-nak or sim.).
face="Times New Roman Star"*dolga-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to twist, to wrap roundface="Times New Roman Star"крутить, заворачивать
face="Times New Roman Star"tolg|a- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"dola-face="Times New Roman Star"tolg|a-n- (refl.)face="Times New Roman Star"tolg|a- (Abush., MA)face="Times New Roman Star"to.lg|a-face="Times New Roman Star"tolg|u-
face="Times New Roman Star"dola-face="Times New Roman Star"dola-
face="Times New Roman Star"tolg|aj 'turn'face="Times New Roman Star"tolg|o-face="Times New Roman Star"tolg|a-n- 'to walk around'face="Times New Roman Star"tъla, tъw|lla 'cloth, petersham'

face="Times New Roman Star"dolg|a-face="Times New Roman Star"dolg|a-face="Times New Roman Star"tolg|o-face="Times New Roman Star"tolg|a-
face="Times New Roman Star"tula 'cloth'

face="Times New Roman Star"tolg|a-

face="Times New Roman Star"dola-n- 'to tinker with smth.'face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 486, EDT 497, ЭСТЯ 3, 259-260, Федотов 2, 187-188, Ашм. XIV, 254-255, 259.
face="Times New Roman Star"*tul(g)un|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 temple 2 plaitface="Times New Roman Star"1 висок, 2 косаface="Times New Roman Star"tulun| (OUygh.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"tulun|/n 1 (MK), tulun (IM)face="Times New Roman Star"tulun 1face="Times New Roman Star"tolym 2face="Times New Roman Star"tulg|um 1 (Vam.), (MKypch.) tulum 2 (CCum., Houts.), tulun| 1 (AH_

face="Times New Roman Star"tulyn 2 (ЯЖУ)
face="Times New Roman Star"duluq 'cheek' (?)face="Times New Roman Star"tulun| 2face="Times New Roman Star"tulun| 2face="Times New Roman Star"tulun| 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tъlъm 'a tuft of wool left after shearing sheep'



face="Times New Roman Star"tulum 2face="Times New Roman Star"tulymface="Times New Roman Star"tulymface="Times New Roman Star"tolom 2


face="Times New Roman Star"tulym
face="Times New Roman Star"tulum 1 (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 498, EDT 501, ДТС 585, Лексика 203-204. The Turkm. form is not quite clear: it has an aberrant (although semantically not very remote) meaning, suffix and voiced d-.
face="Times New Roman Star"*dumface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 cold 2 cold, fluface="Times New Roman Star"1 холодный 2 простудаface="Times New Roman Star"tumlyg| 1 (OUygh.), tumag|u 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tum, tumlyg| 1 (MK), tumag|u (MK) 2face="Times New Roman Star"dumag|, duma 2, (Osm.) tumlu 1face="Times New Roman Star"tomaw 2face="Times New Roman Star"tumaq 2 (MA)
face="Times New Roman Star"tumu 2

face="Times New Roman Star"du"mev 2face="Times New Roman Star"tymo 2



face="Times New Roman Star"tymny: 1, tumu: 2face="Times New Roman Star"tymny: 1face="Times New Roman Star"duma: 2face="Times New Roman Star"tuma: 2









face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 498, EDT 503, 505, 506, ЭСТЯ 3, 326, Лексика 14-15, Stachowski 238. Turk. > WMong. tomug|u, Khalkha tomu: 'influenza'. A probable derivative is Turk. *duman 'fog' (ЭСТЯ 3, 295-296, Лексика 33, Stachowski 230), see TMN 2, 568.
face="Times New Roman Star"*durunjaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"craneface="Times New Roman Star"журавльface="Times New Roman Star"turun/jaface="Times New Roman Star"turna (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"turnaface="Times New Roman Star"torna



face="Times New Roman Star"durnaface="Times New Roman Star"durna



face="Times New Roman Star"tъw|rna, (dial. Verkh.) t@w|rneface="Times New Roman Star"turjuja
face="Times New Roman Star"duruja:face="Times New Roman Star"duruja:, turujaface="Times New Roman Star"turunaface="Times New Roman Star"tyrna







face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 501, TMN 3, 199, EDT 551, ЭСТЯ 3, 301-302, Лексика 173.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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